Leaves put on a beautiful display as they change in autumn from green to yellow and red, but I enjoy seeing fall leaves the most after they’ve fallen to the ground and been raked up into a big pile — because I know how valuable leaves are to my garden.
Rather than sending those leaves — and their value — away to a landfill, you can put them right back to work in your landscape as organic mulch or, given time, compost. First, we'll talk about the value in your leaves, then we'll talk about what to do with them in your garden.
Every fall, I rake up the leaves at my property at the GardenFarm™ and shred them. You can use an electric leaf shredder or a leaf blower with a vacuum/shredding function for this, or just spread out dry leaves and go over them once or twice with a lawnmower.
Raking leaves from your lawn is important, but keep them on your property by using them as mulch or in compost.
Once they are shredded, I either apply the leaves to my garden beds as mulch if needed, or store them in my “leaf corral” and allow them to slowly break down until I’m ready to use them later.
Adding leaves to my leaf corral.
Shredding is optional when using leaves for mulch, but I find this step to be worth the effort. Read about my four methods for shredding leaves in "How to Use Leaves as Garden Mulch," where I discuss shredding leaves with lawn mowers, leaf blowers, string trimmers, and a dedicated leaf shredding machine.
Shredded leaves are easier to apply around small plants, and they have more surface area than whole leaves, so they break down and release their nutrients faster.
In your landscape beds, rake, blow or hand apply a 2-inch layer of leaf mulch on the soil surface. If you wish to weigh the leaves down so they don’t get displaced in the wind, you can apply pine straw or woodchips over the leaves — but this is completely optional. Just don’t mulch deeper than 4 inches in total. All of these organic materials will decompose to provide nutrients to your plants with the help of earthworms and soil microbes.
If you find you have leaves left over after mulching your gardens, that’s great, because leaves are a priceless addition to your compost pile. Dry leaves are mostly carbon and are considered a “brown” in composting terms. When leaves are mixed with water and nitrogen-rich “greens,” such as grass clippings, coffee grounds, and vegetable scraps, compost piles activate, heating up due to the microbial activity that transforms the inputs into earthy humus.
Read my article on The Soil Food Web: Build a Relationship Between Your Plants and Soil to find out why adding compost, both your own and Soil³ compost, is so important for your plants.
You can use most any fall leaves as mulch or in compost, but there are few to be careful of.
With all this in mind, the next time you’re raking leaves, maybe it won’t feel like as much of a chore. There’s satisfaction in knowing their value to your garden.
Plus, if we all “close the loop” by keeping leaves on our properties to feed our soil and nourish our plants, we can collectively reduce landfill waste by more than 10%.